HECM Mortgage in the US. Apply online

A Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) is a specialized type of reverse mortgage that is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). It allows homeowners who are typically at least 62 years old to convert a portion of their home equity into cash without the need to sell their home or make monthly mortgage payments. With a HECM, borrowers can access funds in various ways, including a lump sum payment, monthly loan payments, or a line of credit, depending on their needs and preferences.

The amount that can be borrowed through an HECM is determined by factors such as the appraised value of the home, the borrower's age, and current interest rates. Unlike traditional mortgages, HECM borrowers are not required to make monthly mortgage payments. Instead, the loan balance accumulates over time, along with any interest and mortgage insurance premiums. The loan must be repaid when the last remaining borrower sells the home, moves out of the property, or passes away.

Features

Reverse Mortgage Structure. A HECM operates as a reverse mortgage, allowing homeowners aged 62 or older to convert a portion of their home equity into cash. Unlike traditional mortgages, where the borrower makes monthly payments to the lender, in a HECM, the lender makes payments to the borrower.
Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Insurance. HECM mortgages are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), protecting both borrowers and lenders. FHA insurance ensures that borrowers receive their payments as agreed upon and safeguards lenders against losses if the loan balance exceeds the home's value.
Flexible Payment Options. HECM borrowers have multiple options for receiving funds, including a lump sum payment, monthly loan payments, a line of credit, or a combination of these methods. This flexibility allows borrowers to tailor their loan to meet their specific financial needs.
No Monthly Mortgage Payments. Unlike traditional mortgages, HECM borrowers are not required to make monthly mortgage payments. Instead, the loan balance, along with any accrued interest and mortgage insurance premiums, is typically repaid when the borrower sells the home, moves out, or passes away.
Accumulation of Loan Balance. Over time, the loan balance of an HECM increases as interest accrues and any additional funds are drawn by the borrower. This gradual accumulation occurs without the need for monthly payments, allowing borrowers to access their home equity while remaining in their homes.

Pros and Cons

Pros

Access to Home Equity. HECM mortgages provide homeowners aged 62 or older with a means to access their home equity without having to sell their home. This can be particularly beneficial for retirees looking to supplement their retirement income or cover unexpected expenses.

No Monthly Mortgage Payments. Unlike traditional mortgages, HECM borrowers are not required to make monthly mortgage payments. This can free up cash flow for other expenses and provide financial flexibility during retirement.

Flexible Payment Options. HECM borrowers have multiple options for receiving funds, including a lump sum payment, monthly loan payments, a line of credit, or a combination of these methods. This flexibility allows borrowers to tailor their loan to meet their specific financial needs.

Cons

Accumulation of Loan Balance. Over time, the loan balance of an HECM increases as interest accrues and any additional funds are drawn by the borrower. This can significantly reduce the equity remaining in the home, potentially impacting the inheritance for heirs.

High Origination and Insurance Fees. HECM mortgages often come with high origination fees and mortgage insurance premiums, which can increase the overall cost of the loan. These fees can reduce the amount of available funds for borrowers and affect the net proceeds from the loan.

Impact on Equity and Inheritance. As the loan balance accumulates, the equity remaining in the home decreases. This can limit the amount of equity available to borrowers for future needs or to pass on to heirs.

How to Get a HECM Mortgage

Apply for a loan

Understand Eligibility Requirements. Before applying for a HECM mortgage, familiarize yourself with the eligibility criteria. To qualify, you must be at least 62 years old, own the property or have paid down a considerable amount, use the property as your primary residence, and meet financial capability requirements, including the ability to pay ongoing property charges.
Find an FHA-Approved Lender. HECM mortgages are available through FHA-approved lenders. Research and identify lenders in your area that offer HECM loans. You can find a list of FHA-approved lenders on the FHA website or by contacting HUD.
Complete a Financial Assessment. As part of the HECM application process, you'll need to undergo a financial assessment to determine your ability to meet ongoing property charges, such as property taxes, homeowners insurance, and homeowner association fees. This assessment helps ensure that you can maintain the property and fulfill your financial obligations.
Participate in a Consumer Information Session. Before obtaining a HECM mortgage, you're required to participate in a consumer information session provided by a HUD-approved HECM counselor. This session aims to educate you about the features, costs, and potential risks of a HECM mortgage, helping you make an informed decision.
Complete the Application Process. Once you've selected an FHA-approved lender and completed the necessary financial assessment and consumer information session, you can begin the application process. The lender will guide you through the application, which typically involves providing personal and financial information, including proof of age, property ownership, income, and assets.
Undergo Property Appraisal. As part of the HECM application process, the lender will arrange for a property appraisal to determine the value of your home. The appraised value of the property will help determine the maximum loan amount you're eligible to receive.
Review Loan Terms and Costs. Before finalizing the HECM mortgage, carefully review the loan terms, including interest rates, fees, and repayment options. Be sure to understand all associated costs, including origination fees, mortgage insurance premiums, and servicing fees.
Receive Loan Approval and Closing Disclosure. Once your application is processed, and the loan is approved, you'll receive a Closing Disclosure outlining the final terms and costs of the HECM mortgage. Review this document carefully and address any questions or concerns with your lender.
Attend Loan Closing. After reviewing and accepting the Closing Disclosure, you'll schedule a loan closing appointment with the lender. During the closing, you'll sign the necessary paperwork to finalize the HECM mortgage, and funds will be disbursed according to your chosen payment option.
Maintain Ongoing Property Obligations. After obtaining a HECM mortgage, it's essential to continue meeting ongoing property charges, such as property taxes, homeowners insurance, and homeowner association fees. Failure to maintain these obligations could result in default on the loan.

Requirements

Age Requirement. Borrowers must be at least 62 years old to qualify for a HECM mortgage. The age of the youngest borrower is used to determine eligibility and loan terms.
Property Ownership. Borrowers must own the property or have paid down a considerable amount of the mortgage to qualify for a HECM mortgage. The property must serve as the borrower's primary residence.
Financial Capability. Borrowers must demonstrate the financial capability to continue making timely payments of ongoing property charges, such as property taxes, homeowners insurance, and homeowner association fees.
Credit and Income Verification. Lenders may conduct credit and income verification to assess the borrower's ability to repay the loan. While credit history may be considered, there is no minimum credit score requirement for HECM mortgages.
Participation in Consumer Information Session. Borrowers must participate in a consumer information session provided by a HUD-approved HECM counselor before obtaining a HECM mortgage. This session educates borrowers about the features, costs, and potential risks of the loan.

Conditions

Flexible Payment Options. Borrowers have the flexibility to choose from various payment options, including lump sum payment, monthly loan payments, and line of credit.
FHA Insurance Protection. HECM mortgages are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), protecting both borrowers and lenders. FHA insurance ensures that borrowers receive their payments as agreed upon and safeguards lenders against losses if the loan balance exceeds the home's value.
No Monthly Mortgage Payments. Unlike traditional mortgages, HECM borrowers are not required to make monthly mortgage payments. Instead, the loan balance, along with any accrued interest and mortgage insurance premiums, is typically repaid when the borrower sells the home, moves out, or passes away.
Financial Assessment Requirement. Borrowers must undergo a financial assessment to determine their ability to meet ongoing property charges, such as property taxes, homeowners insurance, and homeowner association fees. This assessment helps ensure that borrowers can maintain the property and fulfill their financial obligations.
Counseling Requirement. Before obtaining a HECM mortgage, borrowers are required to participate in a consumer information session provided by a Housing and Urban Development (HUD)-approved HECM counselor. This counseling session aims to educate borrowers about the features, costs, and potential risks of a HECM mortgage.

Ways to Get the Money

Certified Check. Some borrowers may choose to receive mortgage funds in the form of a certified check issued by the lender or closing agent. This method provides a physical form of payment that can be deposited into the borrower's bank account.
Escrow Disbursement. In some cases, mortgage funds are held in an escrow account and disbursed to the appropriate parties at closing. This method ensures that all closing costs and fees are paid before releasing the remaining funds to the borrower.
Direct Deposit. Certain lenders offer the option for mortgage funds to be directly deposited into the borrower's bank account on the day of closing. This electronic transfer provides immediate access to the loan proceeds without the need for physical checks or wire transfers.

Things to Pay Attention To

Interest Rate and APR. Compare both the interest rate and the annual percentage rate (APR) to understand the total cost of the loan, including fees and other charges.
Loan Term. Consider the length of the loan term and how it affects your monthly payments and total interest paid over time.
Type of Mortgage. Determine whether a fixed-rate or adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) is more suitable for your financial situation and long-term goals.
Down Payment Requirements. Understand the minimum down payment required by the lender and consider how it impacts your upfront costs and monthly payments.
Closing Costs. Review the breakdown of closing costs, including appraisal fees, title insurance, and origination fees, and ensure they align with your budget.
Prepayment Penalties. Check if the mortgage includes penalties for paying off the loan early and consider whether this aligns with your plans for the property.
Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI). Understand if PMI is required for your loan and how it affects your monthly payments, especially if you're making a down payment of less than 20%.

How to Repay a HECM Mortgage?

Understand Repayment Options. Before obtaining a HECM mortgage, it's essential to understand the repayment options available. Repayment of a HECM mortgage typically occurs when the last remaining borrower sells the home, permanently moves out, or passes away. At that time, the loan balance, along with any accrued interest and fees, must be repaid.
Sale of the Home. The most common way to repay a HECM mortgage is through the sale of the home. When the last remaining borrower sells the home, the proceeds from the sale are used to repay the loan balance. Any remaining equity belongs to the borrower or their heirs.
Payoff from Other Sources. Borrowers or their heirs may choose to repay the HECM mortgage using funds from other sources, such as savings, investments, or life insurance proceeds. This option allows borrowers to retain ownership of the home and avoid selling it to repay the loan.
Refinance the Loan. In some cases, borrowers may choose to refinance the HECM mortgage into a new loan to extend the repayment period or access additional funds. Refinancing allows borrowers to adjust the terms of the loan to better suit their financial needs and circumstances.
Inherit the Property. If the borrower passes away, their heirs have the option to repay the HECM mortgage and keep the property. Heirs can either use personal funds to repay the loan or refinance the mortgage into a new loan in their name.
Coordinate with the Lender. When it comes time to repay the HECM mortgage, borrowers or their heirs should coordinate with the lender to ensure a smooth repayment process. The lender can provide guidance on the steps involved in repaying the loan and assist with any necessary paperwork.

Reasons for Getting Rejected for a HECM Mortgage

Age Requirement Not Met. To qualify for a HECM mortgage, the borrower must be at least 62 years old. If the borrower does not meet this age requirement, they will not be eligible for a HECM mortgage.
Property Ownership Issues. Borrowers must own the property or have paid down a considerable amount of the mortgage to qualify for a HECM mortgage. If there are issues with property ownership, such as outstanding liens or title disputes, the borrower may be rejected.
Financial Capability. Borrowers must demonstrate the financial capability to continue making timely payments of ongoing property charges, such as property taxes, homeowners insurance, and homeowner association fees. If the borrower does not meet the financial capability requirements, they may be rejected.
Credit and Income Issues. While there is no minimum credit score requirement for HECM mortgages, lenders may still conduct credit and income verification to assess the borrower's ability to repay the loan. If the borrower has a poor credit history or insufficient income, they may be rejected.
Property Condition. The property must meet certain standards to qualify for a HECM mortgage. If the property is in poor condition or does not meet HUD or FHA approval standards, the borrower may be rejected.
Delinquency on Federal Debt. Borrowers must not be delinquent on any federal debt to qualify for a HECM mortgage. If the borrower has outstanding federal debt, such as unpaid taxes or student loans, they may be rejected.

Alternatives

A personal loan is an unsecured loan that can be used for various purposes, including home renovations or purchases. Personal loans typically have fixed interest rates and repayment terms, providing predictability for borrowers. While not secured by the property, personal loans may have higher interest rates compared to mortgages.
Peer-to-peer lending platforms connect borrowers with individual investors willing to lend money. Borrowers may find competitive interest rates and flexible terms through peer-to-peer lending, depending on their creditworthiness. Peer-to-peer lending may offer an alternative to traditional mortgage financing for certain borrowers.
Some retirement plans, such as 401(k)s, allow participants to borrow against their account balance for various purposes, including home purchases or renovations. 401(k) loans typically have lower interest rates compared to other credit products and may not require a credit check. Borrowers must repay the loan according to the plan's terms or face penalties and taxes.
A bridge loan is a short-term loan used to bridge the gap between the purchase of a new home and the sale of an existing property. Higher interest rates and fees compared to traditional mortgages, typically repaid within a few months to a year and secured by the borrower's existing home. Provides temporary financing for homebuyers facing timing challenges, such as contingent offers or overlapping mortgage payments.

Editorial Opinion

HECM mortgages, as a financial product, offer both benefits and considerations that individuals should carefully evaluate based on their unique circumstances. On one hand, they provide an opportunity for homeowners aged 62 or older to access their home equity without the burden of immediate repayment, offering flexibility through various payment options. However, it's essential for potential borrowers to thoroughly understand the associated costs, such as origination fees and mortgage insurance premiums, and consider the long-term implications, including the potential impact on equity and inheritance.

Important

Keeping your Debt-to-Income (DTI) ratio below 30-40% of your monthly income is crucial. This will help you avoid potential financial problems in the future. Additionally, always assess the necessity and feasibility of taking a loan, ensuring you can comfortably manage its repayment.

How to Choose a Mortage Lender

Check Associations. Look for lenders who are members of reputable organizations, such as the Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA). Membership in these organizations can indicate a higher level of reliability and professionalism.
Review Terms and Conditions. Carefully examine all the terms and conditions of the mortgage contract. Pay special attention to details like the loan term, fixed vs. variable interest rates, and any prepayment penalties.
Interest Rates and Costs. Scrutinize the interest rates and ensure that your contract includes a detailed breakdown of the total cost of the mortgage, including closing costs, origination fees, and any other charges.
Right of Rescission. Remember you can utilize your right of rescission, which typically allows you to cancel the mortgage within three days after signing the agreement. Additionally, use the "cooling-off" period to thoroughly review the contract and make an informed decision before finalizing the mortgage agreement.
Compare Offers. Shop around and compare offers from multiple lenders to find the best rates and terms that suit your financial situation.